Alden, Dauril, and Joseph C. Miller. “Out of Africa: The Slave Trade and the Transmission of Smallpox to Brazil, 1560–1831.” In Health and Disease in Human History: A Journal of Interdisciplinary History Reader, ed. Robert I. Rotberg. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2000. 203–230 pp. Studies the origin and implantation of smallpox in Brazil from the Portuguese slave trade and reports that cycles of drought, famines, and smallpox epidemics in Africa coincided with those in Brazil.

Alexander, Thomas G. “The Conservative & Conservation: Senator Reed Smoot and America’s Public Lands, 1903–1933.” Beehive History 26 (2000): 22–25. Reviews the role of Utah senator Reed Smoot in public land preservation, which included sponsoring or supporting measures that gave the U.S. president and the Forest Service director more power to protect forest lands, establishing the National Park Service, designating Zion and Bryce Canyon as national parks, and creating mining law and legislation.

Alier, Joan Martínez. “Retrospective Environmentalism and Environmental Justice Movements Today.” Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 11 (December 2000): 45–50. Examines the manner in which worldwide rapid economic development at the expense of the environment has led to conflict between the general population and corporations, thus spurring the environmental justice movement. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Allen, Barbara. “The Popular Geography of Illness in the Industrial Corridor.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 178–201 pp. Studies patterns of illness related to the chemical industry along the Mississippi River in Louisiana in the latter half of the twentieth century, the author asserting that sites of industrial pollution are typically poor African-American communities.

Anderson, Byron. “Biographical Portrait: Julius Sterling Morton.” Forest History Today (fall 2000): 31–33. Brief biographical sketch of United States Secretary of Agriculture Julius Sterling Morton (1832–1902). Morton is recognized as the originator of Arbor Day.

Appleby, Andrew B. “Nutrition and Disease in Human History.” In Health and Disease in Human History: A Journal of Interdisciplinary History Reader, ed. Robert I. Rotberg. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2000. 23–44 pp. Studies the relationships between nutritional deficiencies and the rise of plague, smallpox, typhus, and influenza in London, England, from the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries.

Armstrong, John. “Transport.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 209–232 pp. Discusses the necessity of a variety of modes of transportation in the industrialized cities of England during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Reviews the utilization of wagons and carts, barge, ship, rail, and trams to provide food for the cities and remove human, animal, and industrial waste.

Bahre, Conrad J., Luis Bourillón, and Jorge Torre. “The Seri and Commercial Totoaba Fishing (1930–1965).” Journal of the Southwest 42 (autumn 2000): 559–75. Reviews the participation of the Seri Indians of Sonora, Mexico, in commercial fishing for totoaba, fishing methods used, and the subsequent demise of the fish population. Part of a special issue entitled “Seri Hands.”

Beamish, Thomas D. “Environmental Hazard and Institutional Betrayal: Lay-Public Perceptions of Risk in the San Luis Obispo County Oil Spill.” Organization & Environment 14 (March 2001): 5–33. Investigates public health and environmental risk perceptions regarding the Guadalupe Dunes oil spill in San Luis Obispo County, California, an incident involving chronic leaks that contaminated groundwater in the area from the 1970s through the 1990s.

Björn, Ismo. “Life in the Borderland Forests: The Takeover of Nature and Its Social Organization in North Karelia.” In Encountering the Past in Nature: Essays in Environmental History, ed. Timo Myllyntaus and Mikko Saikku. 2d ed. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2001. 49–73 pp. Discusses the effects of hunting and gathering, slash and burn agriculture, the iron industry, the timber industry, and deforestation on the land of the North Karelian Biosphere Reserve in Finland. Prehistoric times through twentieth century.

Borsay, Peter. “Early Modern Urban Landscapes, 1540–1800.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 99–124 pp. Investigates the economic and cultural influences leading to changes in England’s private and public landscapes, such as the variety of building materials, population growth, greater emphasis on city planning, and metaphorical perceptions of landscape.

Brigham, Jay. “Lighting the Reservation: The Impact of the Rural Electrification Administration on Native Lands.” Journal of the West 40 (winter 2001): 81–88. Discusses the role played by the United States Rural Electrification Administration in providing utilities to Native American reservations during the twentieth century, especially during the Roosevelt administration.

Brown, Peter M., et al. “Restoration of Montane Ponderosa Pine Forests in the Colorado Front Range: A Forest Ecosystem Management Plan for the City of Boulder.” Ecological Restoration 19, no. 1 (2001): 19–26. Considers the forest restoration and management plan for the city of Boulder, Colorado, and restoration of the forest ecosystem that was destroyed by logging and forest fires in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Burby, Raymond J. “Baton Rouge: The Making (and Breaking) of a Petrochemical Paradise.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 160–177 pp. Studies water and air pollution problems in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, throughout the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, examining pollution control measures taken by citizens, local government, and chemical and petroleum companies.

Cafaro, Philip. “Thoreau, Leopold, and Carson: Toward and Environmental Virtue Ethic.” Environmental Ethics 23 (spring 2001): 3–17. Compares common concepts of environmental ethics in the works of nature writers Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862) and Rachel Carson (1907–1962), and conservationist Aldo Leopold (1887–1948).

Cain, Michael D., and Michael G. Shelton. “Natural Loblolly and Shortleaf Pine Productivity through 53 Years of Management under Four Reproduction Cutting Methods.” Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 25 (February 2001): 7–16. Evaluates the effects of clearcutting, seed tree cutting, diameter-limit cutting, and selection upon loblolly and shortleaf pines of southeastern Arkansas during the latter half of the twentieth century.

Cannovò, Peter F. “American Contradictions and Pastoral Visions: An Appraisal of Leo Marx, The Machine in the Garden.” Organization & Environment 14 (March 2001): 74–92. Studies the dichotomy of the attitudes toward industrial development and the rhetoric of pastoralism in the United States as demonstrated by Leo Marx’s (b. 1919) The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America and later works.

Carr, Ethan. “Garden and Forest and ‘Landscape Art’.” Arnoldia 60, no. 3 (2000): 4–28. Discusses the support and promotion of the profession of landscape architecture by the journal Garden and Forest, which was published in the United States from 1888 to 1897. Followed by excerpts from various articles on landscape architecture from Garden and Forest.

Carter, D. Robert. “When the Chips are Down: The Reintroduction of Bison to Antelope Island.” Beehive History 26 (2000): 26–30. Describes the efforts of entrepreneurs William Glassman and Charles J. Jones to establish a zoological park for bison as a tourist attraction in Garfield City, Utah, and the creation of a bison herd for both conservation purposes and hunting parties on Antelope Island, Utah. Late nineteenth and early twentieth century.

Carvalho, Georgia O. “Metallurgical Development in the Carajás Area: A Case Study of the Evolution of Environmental Policy Formation in Brazil.” Society & Natural Resources 14 (February 2001): 127–43. Discusses the politicizing of environmental policies concerning the iron industry in the Grande Carajás Mountains of Brazil during the 1980s and 1990s.

Clapp, Roger Alex. “Tree Farming and Forest Conservation in Chile: Do Replacement Forests Leave Any Originals Behind?” Society & Natural Resources 14 (April 2001): 341–56. Examines the effects of plantation forestry on deforestation rates in Chile from the 1960s through the 1990s, the author arguing that plantation forestry is ultimately detrimental to the conservation of natural forests because these forests are being harvested when plantations are in a regeneration phase.

Clark, Brett, and John Bellamy Foster. “William Stanley Jevons and The Coal Question: An Introduction to Jevons’s ‘Of the Economy of Fuel’.” Organization & Environment 14 (March 2001): 93–98. Brief biographical sketch of British economist William Stanley Jevons (1835–1882) and an analysis of his theories on coal consumption. Followed by chapter 7 of his work The Coal Question, entitled “Of the Economy of Fuel” (99–104 pp.).

Colten, Craig E. “Too Much of a Good Thing: Industrial Pollution in the Lower Mississippi River.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 141–59 pp. Examines pollution control measures taken in the twentieth century to control industrial contamination of the Mississippi River. Such measures evolved from the passage of environmental law and legislation and the occurrence of litigation regarding human health.

Cotta, Heinrich. “Cotta’s Preface.” Forest History Today (fall 2000): 27–28. Preface to German forester Heinrich Cotta’s Anweisung zum Waldbau (Instruction in Afforestation), published in 1817, discussing deforestation due to human intervention. Reprinted from Forestry Quarterly, Volume 1, 1902–1903.

Crane, Virginia Glenn. “‘The Very Pictures of Anarchy’: Women in the Oshkosh Woodworkers’ Strike of 1898.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 84 (spring 2001): 44–59. Discusses the aggressive role of immigrant women laborers in the strike against several woodworking companies of Oshkosh, Wisconsin, including the Paine Lumber Company and the Radford Company. Describes labor organization measures taken by Thomas Kidd of the American Federation of Labor’s International Machine Woodworkers’ Union.

Dam, Petra J. E. M. van. “Sinking Peat Bogs: Environmental Change in Holland, 1350–1550.” Environmental History 6 (January 2001): 32–45. Examines changes to Holland’s peat bogs during the Middle Ages resulting from drainage, peat mining, and the creation of man-made lakes.

Davis, Donald W. “Historical Perspective on Crevasses, Levees, and the Mississippi River.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 84–106 pp. Studies the effect of flood control levees and crevasses on Louisiana wetlands near the Mississippi River, eighteenth through twentieth centuries.

Davis, John. “Modern London.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 125–50 pp. Considers the impact of industrial development, population growth, high poverty rates, the development of the transportation industry and both World Wars upon London, England. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Deegan, Mary Jo, and Christopher W. Podeschi. “The Ecofeminist Pragmatism of Charlotte Perkins Gilman.” Environmental Ethics 23 (spring 2001): 19–36. Explores pragmatic ecofeminist ideology in the Herland/Ourland saga written by United States author Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860–1935).

DeSpain, S. Matthew. “For Society’s Sake: The Wichita Mountains, Wildlife, and Identity in Oklahoma’s Early Environmental History.” Chronicles of Oklahoma 78 (winter 2000–2001): 388–411. Considers human impact on Oklahoma’s Wichita Mountains Forest Reserve throughout the twentieth century, describing the effects of overgrazing, fire suppression, and timber harvesting on the ecology of the region and the endangering of the bison by hunters.

Dunaway, Finis. “Hunting with the Camera: Nature Photography, Manliness, and Modern Memory, 1890–1930.” Journal of American Studies 34, no. 2 (2000): 207–230. Explores the perceptions of nature and attitudes toward animals behind the trend of photographing wild animals in the United States and Africa rather than hunting them. A conservation movement and advocacy of the practice by Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919) motivated photographers.

Emory, Jerry, and Pamela Wright Lloyd Lloyd. “George Melendez Wright, 1904–1936: A Voice on the Wing.” George Wright Forum 17, no. 4 (2000): 14–45. Biographical sketch of naturalist and conservationist George M. Wright (1904–1936), discussing his work on U.S. national parks and his contributions to park and wildlife management.

Ewert, Sara E. Dant. “Evolution of an Environmentalist: Senator Frank Church and the Hells Canyon Controversy.” Montana the Magazine of Western History 51 (spring 2001): 36–51. Explores Idaho senator Frank Church’s (1925–84) opposition to the construction of dams by the Idaho Power Company on the Snake River in the Hell’s Canyon region and his shift in values from supporting development to the preservation of the environment.

Figg, Dennis. “Saline Springs: Salt Still Boils from the Ground in Saline County.” Missouri Conservationist 62 (January 2001): 4–8. Discusses the geologic history of the saline springs of Saline County, Missouri, their utilization in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century as health spas, and efforts to restore the wetlands ecology of the area in the late twentieth century.

Foster, David R. “Conservation Lessons & Challenges from Ecological History.” Forest History Today (fall 2000): 2–11. Considers the integration of ecology, conservation, and history in studying human impacts, particularly deforestation, upon Massachusetts’ Harvard Forest and Puerto Rico’s Luquillo Experimental Forest. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

García Latorre, Juan, Picón Andrés Sánchez, and Jesús García Latorre. “The Man-Made Desert: Effects of Economic and Demographic Growth on the Ecosystems of Arid Southeastern Spain.” Environmental History 6 (January 2001): 75–94. Studies the development of desert lands in place of forests in southeastern Spain from ancient times through the twentieth century, especially focusing on the Middle Ages. The author asserts that human activities such as deforestation and migration due to population growth contributed to the desertification of the region.

Gomez, Gay M. “Perspective, Power, and Priorities: New Orleans and the Mississippi River Flood of 1927.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 109–120 pp. Relates efforts to conserve muskrats and thus protect a lucrative fur trade in St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, after the city of New Orleans created a spillway that diverted floodwater from the Mississippi River into the area.

Guttery, Randall S., Stephen L. Poe, and C. F. Sirmans. “Federal Wetlands Regulation: Restrictions on the Nationwide Permit Program and the Implications for Residential Property Owners.” American Business Law Journal 37 (winter 2000): 298–341. Reviews the effect of federal wetlands regulations promulgated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and the Environmental Protection Agency on sale prices of residential properties in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, from 1983 through 1998.

Hampshire, David. “Mining Leaves Its Mark on Park City.” Beehive History 26 (2000): 18–21. Examines the lasting environmental impact of industrial pollution from the silver mining boom in Park City, Utah, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, including lead poisoning, soil pollution, and poor water quality.

Hanley, Susan B. “Urban Sanitation in Preindustrial Japan.” In Health and Disease in Human History: A Journal of Interdisciplinary History Reader, ed. Robert I. Rotberg. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2000. 141–66 pp. Discusses water supply systems, waste disposal, and population growth in the major cities of Japan from 1590 to 1890. Also compares sanitation standards in Japan from the seventeenth through the nineteenth centuries with Western standards.

Harper-Lore, Bonnie. “Dust Bowl Lessons . . . Quick Fixes Can Have Long-Term Consequences.” Land and Water: The Magazine of Natural Resource Management and Restoration 45 (January–February 2001): 40–43. Examines the Prairie States Forestry Project, a program to reduce soil erosion during the 1930s Dust Bowl through the planting of trees and grasses, which was part of United States president Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal.

Hays, Samuel P. “Toward Integration in Environmental History.” Pacific Historical Review 70 (February 2001): 59–67. The author argues that twentieth-century environmental historians in the United States have not integrated other facets of history into their writings, chiefly stating that patterns of human interaction with the environment have been overlooked in favor of scholarship regarding sustainability.

Hert, Tamsen Emerson. “Resort on the Rim: Looking Back at Yellowstone’s Grand Canyon Hotel.” Wyoming History News 48 (January 2001): 4–5, 7. History of this lodging facility on Yellowstone National Park from its origin as a tent hotel in 1883 to its destruction by fire in 1960. Includes some discussion on management of the hotel by the National Park Service and the Yellowstone Park Company.

Hinton, David A. “Decay and Revival: Early Medieval Urban Landscapes.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 55–73 pp. Examines urbanization within and the vernacular architecture of English cities from the fifth through the ninth centuries.

Hubbard, Doris. “A Man Apart.” Timber/West 26 (February 2001): 44–45, 58. Biographical sketch of U.S. forester and logger Bill Wagenstein (b. 1918), who played an important role in acquiring timber for construction use and quinine from cinchonas trees for the treatment of malaria during World War II.

Hughes, J. Donald. “Global Dimensions of Environmental History.” Pacific Historical Review 70 (February 2001): 91–101. Describes trends in scholarship regarding world environmental history, primarily in the twentieth century.

Hughes, J. Donald. “Ripples in Clio’s Pond: The Dams at Aswan: Does Environmental History Inform Decisions?” Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 11 (December 2000): 73–81. Discusses the construction of Egypt’s Aswan Dam in the 1950s in order to control flooding of the Nile River, irrigate crops, and generate electricity, considering past and future environmental problems caused by the dam.

Ingraham, Ted. “Francis, John and Cesar: A Different View of Their Planes.” Chronicle of the Early American Industries Association 54 (March 2001): 1–8. Investigates the products of eighteenth-century planemakers Cesar Chelor, John Nicholson, and Francis Nicholson and their impact upon the toolmaking trade in the northeastern United States.

Keene, Derek. “The Medieval Urban Landscape, ad 900–1540.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 74–98 pp. Discusses the construction of churches and other public buildings, land utilization, and city planning during the development of cities throughout England.

Kelman, Ari. “Forests and Other River Perils.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 45–63 pp. Discusses nineteenth-century perceptions of the Mississippi River arising from steamboating, as well as the role of riverboat pilot Henry Shreve (1785–1851) in deforestation of the river’s banks to prevent fallen trees from snagging the vessels.

Kibreab, Gaim. “Property Rights, Development Policy and Depletion of Resources: The Case of the Central Rainlands of Sudan, 1940s–1980s.” Environment and History 7 (February 2001): 57–108. The author asserts that state interference in traditional land tenureship has led to the depletion of natural resources in the area.

Kidder, Tristram R. “Making the City Inevitable: Native Americans and the Geography of New Orleans.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 9–21 pp. Describes the environmental changes to the marshes and bayous of southern Louisiana by Native Americans that made French settlement and the establishment of New Orleans possible. Seventeenth through nineteenth centuries.

Knowles, Anne Kelly. “Labor, Race, and Technology in the Confederate Iron Industry.” Technology and Culture 42 (January 2001): 1–26. Considers the influence of poor labor and race relations and technological change within the Tredagar Iron Works of Richmond, Virginia, and the Shelby Iron Works of Columbiana, Alabama, throughout the Civil War and antebellum period.

Kollin, Susan. “The Wild, Wild North: Nature Writing, Nationalist Ecologies, and Alaska.” American Literary History 12 (spring–summer 2000): 41–78. Examines the portrayal of Alaska by nature writers during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and the connection between nature advocacy, the politics of landscape representation, and formations of national identity.

Lauver, Fred J. “A Walk through the Rise and Fall of Anthracite Might.” Pennsylvania Heritage 27 (winter 2001): 32–39. Overview of the anthracite mining industry in Pennsylvania during the early twentieth century through the collections of the state’s Museum of Anthracite Mining, which highlight mine working conditions and technology.

Lehtinen, Ari Aukusti. “Modernization and the Concept of Nature: On the Reproduction of Environmental Stereotypes.” In Encountering the Past in Nature: Essays in Environmental History, ed. Timo Myllyntaus and Mikko Saikku. 2d ed. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2001. 29–48 pp. Examines conflicts in traditional Christian views of nature ensuing from the rapid industrial development of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Includes discussion on modernization in Finland.

Lewontin, Richard, and Richard Levins. “Eppur’ Si Muove: Schmalhausen’s Law.” Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 11 (December 2000): 103–8. Discusses the theory of twentieth-century evolutionary biologist Ivan Ivanovich Schmalhausen, who in the 1940s speculated that when organisms are living within their normal range of environment, disturbances on the conditions of life and genetic differences have little or no effect on physiology and development, but under severe or unusual stress even small environmental and genetic differences have major effects.

Luukkanen, Olavi. “The Vanishing and Reappearing Tropical Forest: Forest Management and Land Use in Thailand.” In Encountering the Past in Nature: Essays in Environmental History, ed. Timo Myllyntaus and Mikko Saikku. 2d ed. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2001. 74–93 pp. Examines the development of forest policy in Thailand and the impact of social and economic factors such as population growth and land ownership on the rate of deforestation and reforestation. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Marquardt, Steve. “‘Green Havoc’: Panama Disease, Environmental Change, and Labor Process in the Central American Banana Industry.” American Historical Review 106 (February 2001): 49–80. Studies the origins of Panama disease in the banana crops of Central America and their relationship to land use during the nineteenth century. Focuses on changes in the environment and in the work regimes of the employees of the United Fruit Company’s banana plantations in Costa Rica, Panama, Guatemala, Honduras, and the Caribbean.

McAllister, Marie E. “Stories of the Origin of Syphilis in Eighteenth-Century England: Science, Myth, and Prejudice.” Eighteenth-Century Life 24 (winter 2000): 22–44. Studies the conflicts and prejudices seen in syphilis origin stories, the author arguing that British medical writers did little to reduce the role of questionable origin stories in the literature of venereal disease.

McCaa, Robert. “Spanish and Nahuatl Views on Smallpox and Demographic Catastrophe in Mexico.” In Health and Disease in Human History: A Journal of Interdisciplinary History Reader, ed. Robert I. Rotberg. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2000. 167–201 pp. The author investigates sixteenth-century indigenous and foreign accounts of Spanish colonization in Mexico, and concludes that the smallpox epidemic of 1520 ranked among the three worst demographic crises of the century.

McCarthy, Tom. “The Coming Wonder? Foresight and Early Concerns about the Automobile.” Environmental History 6 (January 2001): 46–74. Studies environmental concerns resulting from automobile usage in the United States, during the twentieth century, the author asserting that inventors exhibited a lack of foresight in creating a vehicle that produced harmful emissions and operated on a nonrenewable resource.

McCollister, Charles Red, and Sandra McCollister. “The Clearwater River Log Drives: A Photo Essay.” Forest History Today (fall 2000): 20–26. Photographic history of log driving for the Potlatch Corporation on Idaho’s Clearwater River from 1928 through 1971.

Miller, Char. “An Open Field.” Pacific Historical Review 70 (February 2001): 69–76. The author explores scholarly social, cultural, and political analysis in the field of environmental history during the twentieth century.

Moiles, Victor, and Charles M. Bump. “The Great Sawmill Heist.” Michigan History 85 (January–February 2001): 48–52. Describes the movement of the Moise brothers’ sawmill from De Tour, Michigan, to Canada in 1889 in order to escape creditors.

Morris, Christopher. “Impenetrable but Easy: The French Transformation of the Lower Mississippi Valley and the Founding of New Orleans.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 22–42 pp. Explores interactions between the environment of the Lower Mississippi Valley and French settlers during the eighteenth century, focusing on changes to the landscape resulting from this relationship and the founding of New Orleans, Louisiana.

Morris, R. J. “The Industrial Town.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 175–208 pp. Explores sense of place, population growth, material culture, and city planning in industrialized cities throughout England during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Myllyntaus, Timo. “Environment in Explaining History: Restoring Humans as Part of Nature.” In Encountering the Past in Nature: Essays in Environmental History, ed. Timo Myllyntaus and Mikko Saikku. 2d ed. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2001. 141–160 pp. Studies the role environmental determinism plays in human history and the role humans play in environmental history.

Myllyntaus, Timo, and Mikko Saikku. “Environmental History: A New Discipline with Long Traditions.” In Encountering the Past in Nature: Essays in Environmental History, ed. Timo Myllyntaus and Mikko Saikku. 2d ed. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2001. 1–28 pp. Compares themes in the twentieth-century development and study of environmental history in Finland and the United States.

Nabhan, Gary Paul. “Cultural Dispersal of Plants and Reptiles to the Midriff Islands of the Sea of Cortés: Integrating Indigenous Human Dispersal Agents into Island Biogeography.” Journal of the Southwest 42 (autumn 2000): 545–58. Examines evidence of plant and reptile species introductions to the Midriff Islands by the seafaring Seri Indians of Sonora, Mexico, from the seventeenth through the twentieth century. Part of a special issue entitled “Seri Hands.”

Neil, J. M. “Creating Boise’s Capitol Boulevard.” Pacific Northwest Quarterly 92 (winter 2000–2001): 3–14. Discusses the planning of and alterations to Boise, Idaho’s Capital Boulevard throughout the twentieth century.

Norwood, Vera. “Disturbed Landscape/Disturbing Processes: Environmental History for the Twenty-First Century.” Pacific Historical Review 70 (February 2001): 77–89. Studies responses to a forest fire started by a lightening strike in Yellowstone National Park and a prescribed fire in Los Alamos, New Mexico, that damaged several homes. The author asserts that environmental historians should reframe their understanding of nature to encompass human history.

Nunn, Patrick D., and James M. R. Britton. “Human-Environment Relationships in the Pacific Islands around ad 1300.” Environment and History 7 (February 2001): 3–22. Reviews the impact of climate change on land settlement patterns in the Pacific Islands during the transition from the Little Climatic Optimum (75–1300 ad) and the Little Ice Age (1300–1800 ad).

Ogden, John C. “Maintaining Diversity in the Oceans.” Environment 43 (April 2001): 28–37. Examines U.S. policy pertaining to loss of biodiversity in marine ecosystems and overfishing from the 1970s through the 1990s, the author recommending a more comprehensive approach to marine management and zoning and internal cooperation in assessing marine health be considered in future policymaking.

Pabis, George S. “Subduing Nature through Engineering: Caleb G. Forshey and the Levees-Only Policy, 1851–1881.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 64–83 pp. Biographical sketch of civil engineer Caleb G. Forshey (1813–81), describing the instrumental role he played in the acceptance of a levees-only policy for flood control of the Mississippi River in Louisiana.

Parminter, John. “From Timber to Biodiversity: The Evolution of British Columbia’s Forest Inventory Program.” Forest History Today (fall 2000): 12–19. Studies the development of the British Columbia Forest Branch in the late nineteenth century as a response to deforestation by logging companies and the importance of forest surveying through the twentieth century.

Perry, Walter J. “The Man with the Marking Axe.” Edited by Les Joslin. Forest History Today (fall 2000): 29–30. Autobiographical sketch of forester Walter J. Perry (1873–1959), detailing his experiences as a timber sale manager for the U.S. Forest Service.

Powers, Bob. “The Legacy of Captain Jack Turner.” Forestry Chronicle 76 (November–December 2000): 828–29. Examines forest surveyor Jack Turner’s contributions to forest management in Newfoundland, Canada, during the 1930s and 1940s. His accomplishments included revitalizing the timber and pulpwood industries, developing a plan for forest protection and propagation, and establishing forest policy.

Read, Peter, and Marivic Wyndham. “The Farmer and the Bushman.” Environment and History 7 (February 2001): 109–124. Explores how concepts of masculinity were shaped by the physical environment in the songs of Australian bushmen during the nineteenth century and Cuban farmers during the first half of the twentieth century.

Reich, Justin. “Re-Creating the Wilderness: Shaping Narratives and Landscapes in Shenandoah National Park.” Environmental History 6 (January 2001): 95–117. Overview of the creation of Virginia’s Shenandoah National Park, focusing on human causes of landscape change throughout the twentieth century and attempts to re-create landscaping completed by the National Park Service during the 1930s.

Reid, Walter V. “Biodiversity, Ecosystem Change, and International Development.” Environment 43 (April 2001): 20–26. Examines U.S. policy pertaining to species extinction, ecological change, and biodiversity in the 1980s and 1990s, the author asserting that greater attention to the human influence on nature should be addressed by future policy.

Rodger, Richard. “Slums and Suburbs: The Persistence of Residential Apartheid.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 233–68 pp. Considers the factors of industrialization, population growth, and social class discrimination in English urban areas leading to the development of suburbs. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Roper, Roger. “Beyond Poplars: Trees on Utah’s Cultural Landscape.” Beehive History 26 (2000): 5–9. Studies tree planting by settlers in Utah in the nineteenth and twentieth century, including descriptions of tree species that prospered in the area and social motivations behind planting such as a need for fruit, shade, and a sense of home.

Rosentreter, Roger L. “Roosevelt’s Tree Army.” Michigan History 85 (January–February 2001): 16–18. Examines life in a Civilian Conservation Corps camp in Michigan during the 1930s and 1940s, describing work done by the organization on the Michigan’s state parks and the Isle Royale National Park as part of president Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal program.

Round, H. F. “Report of the Historian, Office of the Forester, Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.” Allegheny News 9 (winter 2000–2001): 14–16. Reprint of a report on the organization of local sections of the Society of American Foresters and their bylaws in Pennsylvania during the early twentieth century.

Roundtree, John G. “Historical Factors That Lead to the Development of the CCC.” NACCCA Journal 24 (February 2001): 1, 5. The author suggests that deforestation and erosion resulting from industrial development in the United States as well as economic and social factors such as the Great Depression of 1929 and unemployment of African Americans and other minorities.

Saikku, Mikko. “‘Home in the Big Forest’: Decline of the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker and Its Habitat in the United States.” In Encountering the Past in Nature: Essays in Environmental History, ed. Timo Myllyntaus and Mikko Saikku. 2d ed. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2001. 94–140 pp. The author studies environmental changes in the United States resulting from European settlement from the seventeenth through the twentieth centuries, following the extinction of the ivory-billed woodpecker as an illustration of these changes.

Sandlos, John. “From the Outside Looking In: Aesthetics, Politics, and Wildlife Conservation in the Canadian North.” Environmental History 6 (January 2001): 6–31. Discusses the manner in which nineteenth- and twentieth-century perceptions of nature and the landscape of northern Canada influenced political decisions concerning the Dene and Inuit Indians and wildlife management.

Sellars, Richard West. “The Significance of George Wright.” George Wright Forum 17, no. 4 (2000): 46–50. Examination of naturalist George Wright’s (1904–1936) contributions to wildlife management during his employment with the U.S. National Park Service.

Shallat, Todd. “In the Wake of Hurricane Betsy.” In Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change, ed. Craig E. Colten. Pittsburgh, Penn.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. 121–37 pp. Examines the impact of Hurricane Betsy (1965) upon the state of Louisiana and the city of New Orleans, focusing on work done by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and environmental law and legislation passed in order to prevent a recurrence of destruction.

Shires, Christopher R. “Discrimination and Ethnic Conflict in the Timber Industry of Eastern West Virginia, 1900–1920.” Log Train 17 (winter 2000): 6–11. Considers racism within the timber and pulp and paper industries of Tucker, Randolph, and Pocahontas Counties in West Virginia, studying the various ethnic and racial groups employed and violence between them.

Shotter, David. “The Roman Contribution.” In The English Urban Landscape, ed. Philip Waller. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 32–54 pp. Studies the planning and urbanization of the settlements of ancient Roman inhabitants of England, including information on architectural styles and civic governance.

Sommer, Robert. “The Dendro-Psychoses of J. O. Quantz.” Journal of Arboriculture 27 (January 2001): 40–42. Explores the studies on attitudes toward trees conducted by nineteenth-century Canadian psychologist J. O. Quantz, who proposed that trees reside in the subconscious mind as a reflection of the evolutionary stage of humans as tree-dwellers.

Stubbs, Brett J. “From ‘Useless Brutes’ to National Treasures: A Century of Evolving Attitudes towards Native Fauna in New South Wales, 1860s to 1960s.” Environment and History 7 (February 2001): 23–56. Review of animal protection and conservation laws and legislation, especially those regarding marsupials.

Syman, Charles A. “Black American CCC Camps in Michigan.” NACCCA Journal 24 (February 2001): 6–7. Describes the companies of African Americans and their camps in the Civilian Conservation Corps in Michigan during the 1930s.

Symon, Charles A. “Camp Marquette—The Only Indian Camp in Michigan.” NACCCA Journal 24 (February 2001): 7–8. Describes life in Michigan’s Camp Marquette, an outfit for Native Americans similar to the Civilian Conservation Corps established by the U.S. Forest Service and the Indian Service during the 1930s and 1940s.

Terrill, Ceiridwen. “Romancing the Bomb: Marine Animals in Naval Strategic Defense.” Organization & Environment 14 (March 2001): 105–113. The author asserts that the utilization of dolphins and killer whales for U.S. Navy activities such as bomb diffusion, detection of enemy vessels and in sonar experimentation is unethical. Studies activities from the 1960s through the 1990s.

Triboulot, M. C., and P. J. Méausoone. “Nature, histoire, loisirs et forêt: analyse comparée des techniques de martueterie et de sculpture dans la fabrication industrielle de meubles en 1900 et en 2000.” Revue forestière française 5 (2000): 441–451. “Nature, History, Leisure, and Forests: A Comparison of Marquetry and Sculpting Techniques in Industrial Furniture Manufacture in 1900 and 2000.” Text in French. Discusses the ornate wooden furniture mass produced by French manufacturers Louis Majorelle and Emile Gallé in the early twentieth century and the discontinuation of this style in spite of technological advancements in marquetry and sculpture techniques.

U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. “Status and Trends of Wetlands in the Conterminous United States, 1986 to 1997.” Renewable Resources Journal 18 (winter 2000–2001): 13–15. Examines wetland loss and gain to assess the effectiveness of policy and management.

Walker, J. Samuel. “Regulating against Nuclear Terrorism: The Domestic Safeguards Issue, 1970–1979.” Technology and Culture 42 (January 2001): 107–132. Studies U.S. government regulation of the nuclear industry, improving occupational safety and health in the power plants and taking preventative measures against terrorism and sabotage.

White, Frank G. “Wood Fires and Firewood.” Chronicle of the Early American Industries Association 54 (March 2001): 26–30. Examines the shift from axes to saws in fuelwood cutting in New England during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

White, Richard. “Environmental History: Watching a Historical Field Mature.” Pacific Historical Review 70 (February 2001): 103–111. Examines changes in the field of environmental history from the 1970s through the 1990s, as reflected by the consideration of race and gender studies, cultural history, and human health.

Williams, Ted. “Clinton’s Last Stand.” Audubon 102 (May–June 2000): 46–49, 90, 92, 94–97. Considers the controversy created by U.S. President Bill Clinton’s proposal to protect natural resources by establishing policy to protect forests in roadless areas during the late 1990s. Also studies Forest Service Chief Michael Dombeck’s role in creating the proposal.

Williams, Ted. “Trouble on the Mississippi.” Audubon 102 (July–August 2000): 36–45. Examines environmental concerns regarding wildlife and ecosystem conservation arising from excessive damming of the Upper Mississippi River by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Wilmsen, Carl. “Sustained Yield Recast: The Politics of Sustainability in Vallecitos, New Mexico.” Society & Natural Resources 14 (March 2001): 193–207. Examines a U.S. Forest Service attempt to maintain an ecological economic and social balance through sustained yield forestry on New Mexico’s Carson National Forest throughout the latter half of the twentieth century.

Wolensky, Kenneth C. “Living for Reform.” Pennsylvania Heritage 17 (winter 2001): 14–23. Analyzes the conflicts between labor activist Jock Yablonski (1910–1969) and United Mine Workers of America President Tony Boyle that ultimately led to the assassination of Yablonski and his family.

Woodard, Colin. “A Run on the Banks: How Factory Fishing Decimated Newfoundland Cod.” E the Environmental Magazine 12 (March–April 2001): 34–39. Focuses on the destruction of Newfoundland, Canada’s cod fishery by industrial fishing methods from the 1940s through 1950s.

Woods, Robert, and P. R. Andrew Hinde. “Mortality in Victorian England: Models and Patterns.” In Health and Disease in Human History: A Journal of Interdisciplinary History Reader, ed. Robert I. Rotberg. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2000. 61–88 pp. Reviews The Modern Rise of Population by Thomas McKeown, suggesting that life expectation in nineteenth-century England and Wales increased due to improvements in water supply and sanitation in conjunction with the increased efficiency of local government administration.

Youngs, Robert L., and John A. Youngquist. “Forest Products Research and iufro: History and Potential.” Forest Products Journal 51 (February 2001): 12–19. Reviews the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations’ work with the forest products industry throughout the latter half of the twentieth century.

Zea, Donn. “California’s History is Written in Wood.” Logger and Lumberman Magazine 50 (January 2001): 12–13. Examines the utilization of wood in building mining communities during and immediately after the California gold rush of 1849.

Back to Top  

July 2001 Biblioscope:  [Books] [Theses and Dissertations] [Archival Materials]

 Search: [FHS Bibliography]